Sentinel®Plus FMDV NSP Ab Rapid test ( Swine)
Foot and mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious viral disease that affects both domesticated and wild cloven-hoofed animals, such as cattle, sheep, and pigs. The incubation period for FMD may range between 1 to 7 days. In extreme cases, this period may range from as little as 12 hours to a maximum of 14 days. Animals susceptible to the FMDV infection can be characterized by a vesicular condition of the buccal mucosa, feet, and mammary glands of females.
The foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) is classified within the Picornaviridae family. There are seven different serotypes: A, O, C, Asia-1, SAT-1, SAT-2, SAT-3, where each serotype has several subtypes. However, infection of one serotype does not provide immunity against any other serotypes.
The rapid replication, infection, and symptom development of the highly contagious virus means that FMD can greatly affect economies on a global scale.
After FMDV infection, the virus will produce structural proteins (SPs) and non-structural proteins (NSPs). These proteins are both involved in further virus replication; the former form the viral particles, while the latter are specific to the replication process. As the virus replicates, NSPs will enter the blood circulation causing immune reactions and produce NSP antibodies.
Current commercial FMD vaccines on the market are often purified according to OIE requirements and all NSPs are removed. The detection of NSP antibodies of the FMDV can be used to identify past or present infection of all seven serotypes of the virus.
Therefore, the Sentinel® FMDV NSP Ab Rapid Test can be used to confirm suspected cases of FMD, to detect viral activity or confirm free from infection, and to certify animals for trade.
☆Validation test-1: The performanceof O type strain FMD virus detection
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1. NSP antibody detection: |
Animal Health Research Institute (AHRI) provided swine sera and analyzed. |
●Total 412 negative swine sera from vaccinated pigs, pre-outbreak pigs and
SPF pigs were tested.
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●Total 62 swine samples from pigs experimentally infected with FMDV-O strain
at 14 day-post-infection(dpi) were tested.
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●Specificity:92.96 % (383/412) |
●Sensitivity:98.39 % (61/62)
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※ Result:The Sentinel® FMDV NSP Ab Rapid Test (Swine) has high
specificity and sensitivity in detection of FMDV-O strain.
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2. Early detection: |
Swine sera were collected from challenge experiment in AHRI. |
●A serum panel collected sequentially from experimentally infected with the
FMDV-O strain was tested.
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●The sera in the panel were sampled at different day-post-infection(dpi) and
test results were compared with PrioCHECK, UBI and Chekit ELISA kit.
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●The results had showed that over 90% positive samples were tested
positive at 8 dpi.
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※ Result:The Sentinel® FMDV NSP Ab Rapid Test (Swine) has high
sensitivity in detection of the FMDV-O strain at early infectious stage.
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3. Detection of FMDV-O strain from different area: |
Validation of the test was executed by AHRI. |
●The 62 swine sera from the Regional Reference Laboratory for Foot and
Mouth Disease in South East Asia, Thailand were blind tested.
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●Compared the results with PrioCHECK® FMDV NS : |
1. Observed agreement = 0.92 |
2. Kappa value = 0.75 |
3. Sensitivityab = 90.9% |
4. Specificitya = 92.2% |
a:PrioCHECK as standard |
b:FMD type O in Thailand
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※ Result:The Sentinel® FMDV NSP Ab Rapid Test (Swine) has high
specificity and sensitivity in detection of FMDV-O strain from different
area.
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☆ Validation test-2:The performance of Asia 1 type strain FMD virus detection
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1. NSP antibody detection: |
Thailand regional reference laboratory for FMD provided swine sera and
analyzed.
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●31 negative swine sera without vaccinating. |
●158 vaccinated swine sera (trivalent vaccine, O、A and Asia1). |
●16 experimentally infected swine sera (Asia1). |
※ Result:The Sentinel® FMDV NSP Ab Rapid Test (Swine) has high
specificity and sensitivity in detection of FMDV-Asia1 strain and it has
the same accuracy with other FMD Ab ELISA kit.
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2. Early detection: |
Thailand regional reference laboratory for FMD provided swine sera and
analyzed.
|
●A serum panel collected sequentially from experimentally infected with the
FMDV-Asia1 was tested.
|
●The sera in the panel were sampled at different day-post-infection(dpi). |
●All tests were compared with UBI ELISA, and VIA-AGID |
●The results had showed that over 80% positive samples were tested positive
at 7 dpi.
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※ Result:The Sentinel® FMDV NSP Ab Rapid Test (Swine) has high
sensitivity in detection of the FMDV-Asia1 strain at early infectious
stage.
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☆Validation test-3:The performance comparison with commercial FMDV NSP Ab ELISA kits
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The validation test was executed by the Animal Technology Institute Taiwan
(ATIT).
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●169 swine sera were blind tested, and results are as follows. |
●Then compared results with PrioCHECK® FMDV NS (Ceditest) and UBI®FMDV
NS ELISA (swine), respectively.
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●The data had showed that the Kappa value of Sentinel were more than 0.8,
it indicate the data of Sentinel® were almost the same result with
PrioCHECK® and UBI®.
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※ Result:The performance of Sentinel® FMDV NSP Ab Rapid Test
(Swine) has almost perfect agreement with commercial ELISA kits.
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※Please make sure that all kits are brought to room temperature (15 to 30℃)before use.
※Results should be interpreted between 15-30 minutes.
Positive Result: Two distinct lines (Control Line and Test Line) will appear in the viewing window at the same time.Negative Result: Only one line (Control Line) appears in the viewing window.Invalid Result: No lines appear in the control area – this indicates that the results are invalid, please test the sample again. Some possible factors for this outcome may include: expired contents or improper test operation.
1. |
Chen TH, Pan CH, Jong MH, Lin HM, Huang YL, Hsiung KP, Chao PH, Lee F. Development of a chromatographic strip assay for detection of porcine antibodies to 3ABC non-structural protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotype O.J Vet Med Sci. 2009 Jun;71(6):703-8. |
2. |
OIE, 2.1.5 FMD, Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals, 2008; 6th ed.. |